
MRSA PREVENTION
(Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
Aureus)
Posted on October 25, 2007
Parents and school officials in New Jersey are growing increasingly concerned
at what appears to be an upswing in cases of community-acquired methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Although the state of New Jersey keeps no
comprehensive statistical data on community-acquired staph infections in the
state, school administrators have reported new MRSA infections at more than one
dozen schools this month. Among the schools reporting infections are:
- Bridgeton: Cherry Street School
- Carneys Point: Penns Grove High School
- Clifton: Christopher Columbus Middle School
- Forked River: Forked River Elementary School
- Franklinville: Delsea Regional High School
- Hackettstown: Centenary College
- Hillsdale: Pascack Valley Regional High School
- Jackson: Jackson Memorial High School
- Manasquan: Manasquan High School
- Maplewood: Columbia High School
- New Egypt (Plumsted Township): New Egypt High School
- Oakhurst: Ocean Township High School
- Paramus: Norman A. Bleshman Regional Day School
- Pennsville: Penn Beach Elementary School
- Pennsville: Pennsville Memorial High School
- Point Pleasant: Point Pleasant Boro High
- Vernon: Vernon Township High
There may also have been a MRSA infection in Wenonah, and two
antibiotic-resistant staph infections were reported in Old Bridge Township on
Wednesday, October 24, 2007, but no further details are currently available.
While most of the infected students are being treated on an outpatient basis,
a 19-year-old student at Norman A. Bleshman Regional Day School in Paramus has
been hospitalized with MRSA for three weeks, his family told reporters. His
mother said he is fighting for his life at Hackensack University Medical Center.
A second student at the private school has also contracted MRSA.
State officials cannot confirm that the number of staph cases has risen in
New Jersey this year. Although county health departments collect data on MRSA
outbreaks (multiple cases in a given building during the same time period), the
state does not track individual community-acquired staph infections, such as
those contracted in schools or parks. A statewide initiative to collect
comprehensive data on community-acquired MRSA has not been announced, but the
state Education Department is now asking school districts to notify county
superintendents of any new MRSA cases.
Update, 10/26/07: 3 More New Jersey MRSA infections to
report:
- Egg Harbor Township: Egg Harbor Township High School
- South Hackensack: Mount Zion Big Heart Christian Academy
- Toms River: Monsignor Donovan High School
Update, 10/27/07: Another 7 New Jersey schools reporting
MRSA infections:
- Clifton: Clifton High School
- Howell: Howell Middle School South
- Newark: Roberto Clemente Elementary School
- Paterson: School No. 16 (1 student and his father diganosed with MRSA
- Princeton: Princeton High School
- Princeton: Riverside Elementary School (2 cases)
- Wayne: Passaic County Technical Institute (1 teacher diagnosed with MRSA)
Update, 11/1/07:
- Bridgewater: Bridgewater-Raritan Regional High School
- Dumont: Selzer School
- Elizabeth: Elizabeth High School’s Dwyer House
- Franklin: school undisclosed
- Hoboken: Stevens Institute of Technology
- Irvington: Irvington High School (student is the football tea, but attends
Newark Tech)
- Millburn: Millburn Middle School
- Newark: Newark Technical High School (student plays football for Irvington
High)
- Newark: Roberto Clemente Elementary School
- Randolph: County College of Morris
Update, 11/3/07:
- Englewood: Elisabeth Morrow School
- Elmwood Park: Memorial High School
- Marlboro: Marlboro Early Learning Center (not confirmed by bacterial
culture)
Update, 11/5/07:
- Mount Laurel: Harrington Middle School
Update, 11/6/07:
- Manalapan: Milford Brook School
- Middletown: Oak Hill Academy
- Readington: Readington Middle School
- Red Bank: Red Bank Catholic School
Update, 11/7/07:
- Hackensack: Bergen County Academies
- Long Branch: school undisclosed
- Wanaque: Lakeland Regional High School
Update, 11/9/07:
- Montclair: Montclair State University
- Phillipsburg: Phillipsburg Middle School
- South Brunswick: Cambridge Elementary School
Update, 11/15/07:
- Farmingdale: Griebling Elementary School
What
is it?
Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that causes infections in different
parts of the body. It's tougher to treat than most strains of staphylococcus
aureus -- or staph -- because it's immune to some commonly used antibiotics.
The symptoms of MRSA depend on what part of your body is infected. Most
often, it causes mild infections on the skin, causing pimples or boils. But it
can also cause more serious skin infections or infect surgical wounds, the
bloodstream, the lungs, or the urinary tract.
Though most MRSA infections aren't serious, some can be life-threatening.
Many public health experts are alarmed by the spread of tough strains of MRSA.
Because it's hard to treat, MRSA is sometimes called a "super bug."
In this time of media hype, it is important to know that, according to
the CDC, almost all MRSA skin infections can be effectively treated by your
doctor, typically via drainage of the infection site. Some cases require
treatment with specialized antibiotics. More serious infections, such as
pneumonia, bloodstream infections, or bone infections, are very
rare in healthy people who get MRSA skin infections.
What
causes it?
Staph
is a common bacteria that can live on our bodies. Plenty of healthy people carry
staph on their bodies without being infected by it. In fact, 25-30% of us have
staph bacteria in our noses. But staph can be a problem if it manages to get
into the body, often through a cut. Once there, it can cause an infection.
Staph is one of the most common causes of skin infections in the U.S.
Usually, these are minor and don't need special treatment. Less often, staph can
cause serious problems like infected wounds or pneumonia.
Staph can usually be treated with antibiotics. But over the decades, some
strains of staph – like MRSA -- have become resistant to antibiotics that once
destroyed it. This makes it very difficult to kill it once it has infected the
human body.
MRSA was first discovered in 1961. It's now immune to methicillin,
amoxlcillin, penicillln, oxacillin, and many other antibiotics. While some
antibiotics still work, MRSA is constantly adapting and mutating, becoming
resistant to antibiotics. Researchers developing new antibiotics are having a
tough time keeping up, thus earning the media-label of "super bug."
Who
gets MRSA?
MRSA is spread by
contact. You can contract MRSA by touching another person who has it on their
skin, or you could get it by touching objects that have the bacteria on them.
MRSA is carried, or "colonized," by about 1% of the population,
although most of them aren't infected.
Infections
are most common among people who have weak immune systems and are living in
hospitals, nursing homes, and other health care centers. Infections can appear
around surgical wounds or invasive devices, like catheters or implanted feeding
tubes. Rates of infection in hospitals, especially intensive care units, are
rising throughout the world. In
U.S.
hospitals, MRSA causes up to 40%-50% of staph infections referred to as
Hospital Acquired or HA-MRSA
MRSA
Symptons
MRSA can look like a common spider bite, turf
burn, boil, rash, ingrown hair, impetigo, infected skin or infected wound.
Typically, it is found in the area of armpits, groin, neck, and buttocks.
Other symptoms can include unexplained fever, muscular pain, or fatigue,
especially in the several months following a skin infection.
MRSA
PREVENTION
1.
Educate your facility managers and personnel
about recognizing MRSA.
2.
Implement a hand washing initiative and
training program for aggressive hand
washing and hand sanitizing.
3.
Implement a 2-step cleaning program that
uses standard infection control
procedures.
- Surfaces must
be cleaned before applying disinfectant.
- Use of
disinfectants should be reserved only
for surfaces touched by skin.
- Disinfectant
must be given proper dwell time to
perform.
-
Environmentally preferred products
provide better indoor air quality and
will not burden an individual’s immune
system.
Products that kill
MRSA
Airx
75
Envirox
Critical Care
Spartan
NABC
Spartan
Foaming Q & A
Spartan
Steriphene II
Spartan
DMQ